Different manipulations have advantages and limitations. Neural tissue destroyed by surgery, electric shock or neurotoxcin is a permanent manipulation and therefore limits follow-up investigation.<ref name="Abel and Lattal 2001"/> Most genetic manipulation techniques are also considered permanent.<ref name="Abel and Lattal 2001"/> Temporary lesions can be achieved with advanced in genetic manipulations, for example, certain genes can now be switched on and off with diet.<ref name="Abel and Lattal 2001"/> Pharmacological manipulations also allow blocking of certain neurotransmitters temporarily as the function returns to its previous state after the drug has been metabolized.<ref name="Abel and Lattal 2001">T Abel, KM Lattal (2001) "Molecular mechanisms of memory acquisition, consolidation and retrieval" ''Current Opinion in Neurobiology''</ref> | Different manipulations have advantages and limitations. Neural tissue destroyed by surgery, electric shock or neurotoxcin is a permanent manipulation and therefore limits follow-up investigation.<ref name="Abel and Lattal 2001"/> Most genetic manipulation techniques are also considered permanent.<ref name="Abel and Lattal 2001"/> Temporary lesions can be achieved with advanced in genetic manipulations, for example, certain genes can now be switched on and off with diet.<ref name="Abel and Lattal 2001"/> Pharmacological manipulations also allow blocking of certain neurotransmitters temporarily as the function returns to its previous state after the drug has been metabolized.<ref name="Abel and Lattal 2001">T Abel, KM Lattal (2001) "Molecular mechanisms of memory acquisition, consolidation and retrieval" ''Current Opinion in Neurobiology''</ref> |